Applications for Android and iOS can be created in different ways. When talking about applications generally means small applications for mobile operating systems (Android and iOS). There are now several approaches to mobile app development. From the technical point of view, a distinction must be made between native, hybrid, and web applications. Each type of application has its specific advantages and disadvantages.
The advantage of native applications is that they are optimized for the respective operating system. The user interface and operating concept are fully compatible with the system. Users do not have to move first. They are immediately familiar with the usual methods, such as selecting or deleting items or switching between screens in an application.
Native applications also have no restrictions on access to the specific apparatus equipment. For example, they can interact with all sensors directly via the API system. The deployment is done through application stores. Because the application is installed on the system, offline use is also possible. data synchronization may take place automatically when the next online connection is established.
This contrasts with Web applications - ie specific web applications that are specially adapted for use on mobile devices. This affects, for example, the user's orientation and design of the user interface. Access to the system hardware is limited. However, some functions such as location services can be used. The display is in the browser and therefore takes into account the specificities of individual platforms to a limited extent.
Technologies for Application Development
The different approaches to application development are directly derived from the types of applications. Both Google Android and Apple iOS provides a preferred way to program a native application.
Native Android applications are developed in Java and Android Studio is used as the integrated development environment (IDE). You can also use Kotlin as a programming language. The user interface is created declaratively using an XML description language. A graphic designer in the IDE provides support. With this procedure, you can adapt the application as much as possible to the required hardware and Android version.
For an iOS application, an Apple computer is a mandatory requirement. There are ambitions within the Linux community, but so far they are (still) not very comfortable. Xcode is used as a development environment. In the programming language, Swift is used as easy to use the successor to the objective C. The user interface is designed with the help of storyboards in the graphic designer Xcode.
Web applications and native applications
Web applications can not be provided by the application store. They run on a server and therefore require a constant internet connection, so you can work with them significantly. Web applications can be an alternative if you can not expect the user to install, for example, if you use the application or rarely once.
The restrictions, in particular the lack of online capacity, can be partially overcome by new technological approaches. Such an approach is a Progressive Web Application (PWA). A PWA is a kind of symbiosis of a website and an application. A service worker called can be used to perform caching and therefore some functionality offline. This service worker is connected between the Web server and the application on the mobile device.
Hybrid applications are technologically arranged between the web application and the native application. They run in a Web display container. This means that they act like a native application for the operating system, even if the core is still a web application. The use of modern management, user interface (UI) is also very close to native models. One of the advantages of hybrid applications is that they can also be distributed in application stores.
Hybrid applications
Hybrid technology enables the integration and deployment of deep systems in the stores. However, hybrid applications do not achieve the performance of native applications. Technically, it is always the best solution for the platform.
We do not specifically deal with pure web applications here because they are tailored web applications for mobile devices. Basic technologies for client-side programming well known are used, namely HTML5 (structure), CSS3 (design) and JavaScript (logic). Moreover, frameworks and libraries are used to support the creation of the user interface and logic to more effective implementation.
Hybrid applications also rely on web technologies at their core, the same statements apply to the technical structure of the design and logic. The web application is packaged in a container so that the application behaves like a native counterpart system.
Several frames are available for development, for example, Cordova (PhoneGap) and AppceleratorTitanium Mobile. The principle is similar to all executives. At startup, the application opens a full-mode browser window screen so that it can not be identified as such. The web address can not be changed. The web application runs in the WebView.
For its part, the framework offers possible access to system functions such as the camera or address book. This is done with the help of plug-ins. When creating specific application packages to the platform, the frame automatically assembles the application for the respective platform.
Approaches say emerging multiplatform increasingly to combine the advantages of native apps and hybrid. They are described in the following section.
Conclusion
Which approach did you choose now? It depends on many factors and you should speak with application developers before starting any project. A web application may be sufficient for some applications. Each time you reach your goal with the available options. Perhaps you can also make an existing Web application fit for mobile use.
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